-
1 низкосортный уголь
2) Geology: drossy coal, fault coal3) Engineering: immature coal, low-grade coal, lower-grade coal4) Railway term: brown coal5) Mining: dross-coal6) Metallurgy: inferior coal7) Jargon: real estate8) Ecology: low-rank coalУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > низкосортный уголь
-
2 низкокачественный уголь
Универсальный русско-английский словарь > низкокачественный уголь
-
3 Ballastkohle
f < verbr> ■ impure coal; low-grade coal -
4 низкосортный уголь
immature coal, low-grade coalРусско-английский политехнический словарь > низкосортный уголь
-
5 minderwertige Kohle
f < verbr> ■ low-grade coal -
6 Siemens, Sir Charles William
[br]b. 4 April 1823 Lenthe, Germanyd. 19 November 1883 London, England[br]German/British metallurgist and inventory pioneer of the regenerative principle and open-hearth steelmaking.[br]Born Carl Wilhelm, he attended craft schools in Lübeck and Magdeburg, followed by an intensive course in natural science at Göttingen as a pupil of Weber. At the age of 19 Siemens travelled to England and sold an electroplating process developed by his brother Werner Siemens to Richard Elkington, who was already established in the plating business. From 1843 to 1844 he obtained practical experience in the Magdeburg works of Count Stolburg. He settled in England in 1844 and later assumed British nationality, but maintained close contact with his brother Werner, who in 1847 had co-founded the firm Siemens \& Halske in Berlin to manufacture telegraphic equipment. William began to develop his regenerative principle of waste-heat recovery and in 1856 his brother Frederick (1826–1904) took out a British patent for heat regeneration, by which hot waste gases were passed through a honeycomb of fire-bricks. When they became hot, the gases were switched to a second mass of fire-bricks and incoming air and fuel gas were led through the hot bricks. By alternating the two gas flows, high temperatures could be reached and considerable fuel economies achieved. By 1861 the two brothers had incorporated producer gas fuel, made by gasifying low-grade coal.Heat regeneration was first applied in ironmaking by Cowper in 1857 for heating the air blast in blast furnaces. The first regenerative furnace was set up in Birmingham in 1860 for glassmaking. The first such furnace for making steel was developed in France by Pierre Martin and his father, Emile, in 1863. Siemens found British steelmakers reluctant to adopt the principle so in 1866 he rented a small works in Birmingham to develop his open-hearth steelmaking furnace, which he patented the following year. The process gradually made headway; as well as achieving high temperatures and saving fuel, it was slower than Bessemer's process, permitting greater control over the content of the steel. By 1900 the tonnage of open-hearth steel exceeded that produced by the Bessemer process.In 1872 Siemens played a major part in founding the Society of Telegraph Engineers (from which the Institution of Electrical Engineers evolved), serving as its first President. He became President for the second time in 1878. He built a cable works at Charlton, London, where the cable could be loaded directly into the holds of ships moored on the Thames. In 1873, together with William Froude, a British shipbuilder, he designed the Faraday, the first specialized vessel for Atlantic cable laying. The successful laying of a cable from Europe to the United States was completed in 1875, and a further five transatlantic cables were laid by the Faraday over the following decade.The Siemens factory in Charlton also supplied equipment for some of the earliest electric-lighting installations in London, including the British Museum in 1879 and the Savoy Theatre in 1882, the first theatre in Britain to be fully illuminated by electricity. The pioneer electric-tramway system of 1883 at Portrush, Northern Ireland, was an opportunity for the Siemens company to demonstrate its equipment.[br]Principal Honours and DistinctionsKnighted 1883. FRS 1862. Institution of Civil Engineers Telford Medal 1853. President, Institution of Mechanical Engineers 1872. President, Society of Telegraph Engineers 1872 and 1878. President, British Association 1882.Bibliography27 May 1879, British patent no. 2,110 (electricarc furnace).1889, The Scientific Works of C.William Siemens, ed. E.F.Bamber, 3 vols, London.Further ReadingW.Poles, 1888, Life of Sir William Siemens, London; repub. 1986 (compiled from material supplied by the family).S.von Weiher, 1972–3, "The Siemens brothers. Pioneers of the electrical age in Europe", Transactions of the Newcomen Society 45:1–11 (a short, authoritative biography). S.von Weihr and H.Goetler, 1983, The Siemens Company. Its Historical Role in theProgress of Electrical Engineering 1847–1980, English edn, Berlin (a scholarly account with emphasis on technology).GWBiographical history of technology > Siemens, Sir Charles William
-
7 Ballastkohle
flow grade coal -
8 сорт
-
9 высший сорт
1. primary qualityнизкое качество; низший сорт — low quality
2. prime qualityотличная говядина, говядина высшего сорта — prime beef
3. superior quality4. top grade5. superfine -
10 уголь
char, charcoal, coal* * *у́голь м.1. ( топливо) coalу́голь выве́тривается — the coal slacks, the coal is (readily) affected by weatheringдобыва́ть у́голь — work [mine] coalдроби́ть у́голь — crush coalкоксова́ть у́голь — carbonize coalнава́ливать у́голь — load coalобогаща́ть у́голь — clean [wash] coalота́пливать углё́м — fire with coalотбива́ть у́голь — break coalподруба́ть у́голь — cut coalрабо́тать на у́гле — burn coalсжига́ть у́голь — burn coalсортирова́ть у́голь — grade [size] coalу́голь спека́ется — coal bakes [cakes]2. ( материал) carbonакти́вный у́голь — activated [active] carbonбеспла́менный у́голь — blind coalбу́рый у́голь — brown coal, ligniteга́зовый у́голь — gas [fiery] coalдлиннопла́менный у́голь — candle [long-flame] coalдреве́сный у́голь — charcoalжи́рный у́голь — fat [rich] coalископа́емый у́голь — fossil coalка́менный у́голь — (часто, но неточно, любой ископаемый уголь) coal; ( в точном словоупотреблении — уголь средней степени метаморфизма) bituminous coalкоксу́ющийся у́голь — coking coalкороткопла́менный у́голь — short-flame coalкостяно́й у́голь — bone charкузне́чный у́голь — forge coalкусково́й у́голь — lump coalнекоксу́ющийся у́голь — noncoking coalнеобогащё́нный у́голь — raw coalнеспека́ющийся у́голь — free-burning [nonbaking, noncaking] coalобесцве́чивающий у́голь — decolourizing carbonобогащё́нный у́голь — cleaned coalпылеви́дный у́голь — pulverized coalрето́ртный у́голь — retort carbonрядово́й у́голь — run-of-mine coalу́голь с высо́ким содержа́нием золы́ — high-ash coalу́голь с высо́ким содержа́нием лету́чих — high-volatile coalу́голь с ни́зким содержа́нием лету́чих — low-volatile coalспека́ющийся у́голь — baking [caking] coalто́щий у́голь — lean coalэлектро́дный у́голь — electrode carbonэнергети́ческий у́голь — power-generating [steaming] coal -
11 топливо
fuel, fuel material* * *то́пливо с.
fuel, combustibleвводи́ть приса́дки в то́пливо — dope fuelвыжига́ть то́пливо ( перед аварийной посадкой) — burn off the fuel (before emergency landing)выраба́тывать то́пливо из ба́ков в (каком-л.) [m2]поря́дке ав. — deplete [use] the fuel tanks in a … sequenceто́пливо детони́рует — the fuel detonates, the fuel causes knocking (in the engine)дозаправля́ться то́пливом — refuel, refill the tankзагуща́ть то́пливо ав. — thicken fuelзаправля́ться то́пливом — fuel up, fill up the tankнабира́ть то́пливо — fill (up), tank, fuelперека́чивать то́пливо ав. — transfer fuelподава́ть то́пливо — feed fuelпролива́ть то́пливо — spill (some) fuelто́пливо прорыва́ется (в ка́ртер) — the fuel blows byрабо́тать на жи́дком, твё́рдом, газообра́зном то́пливе — burn liquid, solid, gaseous fuelслива́ть то́пливо ав. — dump the fuel, defuelслива́ть то́пливо авари́йно ав. — jettison the fuelсме́шивать ра́зные сорта́, то́плива — blend fuelsавиацио́нное то́пливо — aviation fuelавтомоби́льное то́пливо — automotive [motor] fuelбеззо́льное то́пливо — ash-free fuelвзрывобезопа́сное то́пливо — safety fuelводоро́дное то́пливо — hydrogen fuelвспомога́тельное то́пливо — back-up fuelвысококалори́йное то́пливо — high-calorific fuelвысокоокта́новое то́пливо — high-octane fuelвысокосо́ртное то́пливо — high-grade fuelгазообра́зное то́пливо — gas(eous) fuelди́зельное то́пливо — diesel fuelто́пливо для реакти́вных дви́гателей — jet fuel, jet propellantжи́дкое то́пливо — liquid fuelископа́емое то́пливо — fossil fuelиску́сственное то́пливо — prepared [artificial] fuelкусково́е то́пливо — lump fuelлё́гкое то́пливо — light fuelлету́чее то́пливо — volatile fuelмалозо́льное то́пливо — low-ash fuelмото́рное то́пливо — motor fuelнедетони́рующее то́пливо — antiknock fuelнизкокалори́йное то́пливо — low-calorie fuelнизкосо́ртное то́пливо — low-grade fuelто́пливо обы́чного ка́чества — regular fuelоргани́ческое то́пливо — organic fuelосновно́е то́пливо — main fuelто́пливо повы́шенного ка́чества — premium fuelприро́дное то́пливо — natural fuelпылеу́гольное то́пливо — pulverized coal (fuel)раке́тное то́пливо ( не путать с горю́чим) — propellant (not to be confused with fuel)подава́ть раке́тное то́пливо вытесне́нием — pressurize the propellantраке́тное, металлосодержа́щее то́пливо — metal propellantрасто́почное то́пливо — starting fuelреакти́вное то́пливо — jet (engine) fuelсамовоспламеня́ющееся то́пливо — hypergolic fuelсинтети́ческое то́пливо — synthetic fuelсла́нцевое то́пливо — shale fuelто́пливо с приса́дками — doped fuelтвё́рдое то́пливо — solid fuelто́пливо торго́вого со́рта — commercial fuelтра́кторное то́пливо — tractor fuelтяжё́лое то́пливо — heavy fuelуглеводоро́дное то́пливо — hydrocarbon fuelусло́вное то́пливо — equivalent fuel, fuel equivalentэлектрохими́ческое то́пливо — electrochemical fuelэнергети́ческое то́пливо — power-generating fuelэтало́нное то́пливо — standard fuelя́дерное то́пливо — nuclear fuelвоспроизводи́ть я́дерное то́пливо — breed nuclear fuel* * * -
12 топливо
с. fuel, combustibleвырабатывать топливо из баков в порядке — deplete the fuel tanks in a … sequence
-
13 Steinkohle
Steinkohle f BERGB, GEO coal, bituminous coal, low-grade anthracite, mineral coal, pit coal, stone coal -
14 смешанный сорт
-
15 рафинированный сорт
Русско-английский новый политехнический словарь > рафинированный сорт
-
16 товарный сорт
Русско-английский новый политехнический словарь > товарный сорт
-
17 базисный сорт
Бизнес, юриспруденция. Русско-английский словарь > базисный сорт
-
18 чёрный лигнит
1) Geology: straight coal2) Engineering: black lignite, subbituminous coal, subbituminous coal of low grade3) Makarov: lignite А -
19 Magerkohle
f < min> (zw. Braunkohle und Anthrazit; Destillat reagiert basisch; 75-91,5% C) ■ low-grade anthracite; semianthracite coal; semianthracite; lean coal -
20 Steinkohle
f < min> (zw. Braunkohle und Anthrazit; Destillat reagiert basisch; 75-91,5% C) ■ low-grade anthracite; semianthracite coal; semianthracite; lean coal
- 1
- 2
См. также в других словарях:
low — [[t]lo͟ʊ[/t]] ♦ lower, lowest, lows 1) ADJ GRADED Something that is low measures only a short distance from the bottom to the top, or from the ground to the top. ...the low garden wall that separated the front garden from next door... She put it… … English dictionary
Coal gasification — is the process of producing coal gas, a type of syngas–a mixture of carbon monoxide (CO), hydrogen (H2), carbon dioxide (CO2) and water vapour (H2O)–from coal. Coal gas, which is a combustible gas, was traditionally used as a source of energy for … Wikipedia
Coal breaker — A coal breaking plant, depicted on a postcard in 1907. A coal breaker was a coal processing plant which broke coal into various useful sizes. Coal breakers also removed impurities from the coal (typically slate) and deposited them into a culm… … Wikipedia
Coal companies of Australia — Contents 1 Anglo Coal Australia Ltd 1.1 Anglo Coal Callide Mine 1.2 Anglo Coal Capcoal Mine … Wikipedia
coal — coalless, adj. /kohl/, n. 1. a black or dark brown combustible mineral substance consisting of carbonized vegetable matter, used as a fuel. Cf. anthracite, bituminous coal, lignite. 2. a piece of glowing, charred, or burned wood or other… … Universalium
Coal gas — Towngas redirects here. For the company in Hong Kong trading as Towngas , see The Hong Kong and China Gas Company Limited. See also: Coal gasification and Coal seam gas Coal gas (also town gas and illumination gas) is a flammable gaseous… … Wikipedia
Coal grade — This classification refers to coal quality and use. • Briquettes are made from compressed coal dust, with or without a binding agent such as asphalt. • Cleaned coal or prepared coal has been processed to reduce the amount of impurities… … Energy terms
Coal Harbour — For the village on Vancouver Island, see Coal Harbour, British Columbia. For the community in Nunavut, see Coral Harbour, Nunavut … Wikipedia
grade — 01. The [grade] six class went on a three day camping trip to Goldstream Park. 02. My daughter always gets good [grades] at school, but my son s marks are usually pretty average. 03. The principal has called an assembly for [grade] twelve… … Grammatical examples in English
Coal — Sedimentary Rock Anthracite coal Composition Primary carbon Secondary hydrogen, sulfur … Wikipedia
coal mining — Coal was very important in the economic development of Britain. It was used as fuel in the factories built during the Industrial Revolution and continued to be important until the 1980s. The main coalfields are in north east England, the north… … Universalium